Auscultation snippets

Auscultation snippets

Roger’s area

4th left intercostal space, left sternal edge, where the murmur of small ventricular septal defect (maladie de Roger) is best heard.

Erb’s area / point

3rd left intercostal space, left sternal edge, also called second aortic area, where the murmur of aortic regurgitation is best heard.

Gibson’s area

1st left intercostal space, left sternal edge, where the Gibson’s murmur (continuous murmur of patent ductus arteriosus) is best heard.

How many phases does the pericardial rub have?

Pericardial rub is triphasic – systolic, diastolic and atrial systolic. Sometimes only one or two phases may be heard. Pericardial is also known to be evanescent.

Summation gallop

When S3 and S4 occurs earlier as in left ventricular failure with tachycardia, it is called summation gallop or even sometimes as S7 gallop.

Multiple clicks in mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

Multiple clicks are supposed to occur due to the asynchronous movement of multiple scallops of the floppy mitral valve especially that of the posterior leaflet.