1.0All About Cardiovascular System and Disordershttps://johnsonfrancis.org/professionalJohnson Francishttps://johnsonfrancis.org/professional/author/jf/rich600338<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="5PKXfwzkE2"><a href="https://johnsonfrancis.org/professional/non-invasive-cardiac-output-monitoring/">Non invasive cardiac output monitoring</a></blockquote><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://johnsonfrancis.org/professional/non-invasive-cardiac-output-monitoring/embed/#?secret=5PKXfwzkE2" width="600" height="338" title="“Non invasive cardiac output monitoring” — All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders" data-secret="5PKXfwzkE2" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"></iframe><script> /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(d,l){"use strict";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),c=new RegExp("^https?:$","i"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display="none";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute("style"),"height"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):"link"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute("src")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener("message",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll("iframe.wp-embedded-content"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute("data-secret"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+="#?secret="+t,e.setAttribute("data-secret",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:"ready",secret:t},"*")},!1)))}(window,document); //# sourceURL=https://johnsonfrancis.org/professional/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js </script> https://johnsonfrancis.org/professional/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Non-invasive-cardiac-output-monitoring.jpg1204675Non invasive cardiac output monitoring Conventionally, measurement of cardiac output was done invasively. Initially with dye dilution techniques and later by thermodilution techniques. Both needed pulmonary artery catheterization, which in turn was likely to cause morbidity if used for continuous monitoring. Almost all non-invasive cardiac imaging modalities like echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and […]