{"id":10007,"date":"2010-10-16T21:09:07","date_gmt":"2010-10-16T15:39:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cardiophile.org\/?p=5389"},"modified":"2010-10-16T21:09:07","modified_gmt":"2010-10-16T15:39:07","slug":"calculation-of-intracardiac-shunts-by-cardiac-cath","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/calculation-of-intracardiac-shunts-by-cardiac-cath\/","title":{"rendered":"Calculation of intracardiac shunts by cardiac cath"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Calculation of intracardiac shunts by cardiac cath<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YiTMvCfFiBw\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Pulmonary blood flow is designated as Q<sub>P<\/sub> and systemic blood flow as Q<sub>S<\/sub> in hemodynamic calculations. When there is a left to right shunt, pulmonary blood flow is more than the systemic blood flow. The systemic blood flow is more than the pulmonary blood flow when there is a right to left shunt. Calculation of shunt ratio is useful in deciding the operability of shunt lesions as well as their hemodynamic significance. In the absence of significant pulmonary hypertension, a left to right shunt of less than 1.5 : 1 may be left alone if at the atrial or ventricular level. But even a small left to right shunt due to patent ductus arteriosus is closed by a device or coil now a days.<\/p>\n<p>Left to right shunt (Q<sub>L-R<\/sub>) = Q<sub>P<\/sub> &#8211; Q<sub>S<\/sub><\/p>\n<p>Q<sub>P<\/sub>\/Q<sub>S<\/sub> = (SA O<sub>2<\/sub> &#8211; MV O<sub>2<\/sub>)\/(PV O<sub>2<\/sub> &#8211; PA O<sub>2<\/sub>)<\/p>\n<p>Q<sub>P<\/sub>\/Q<sub>S<\/sub> is the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow. It will be more than one in left to right shunts and less than one in right to left shunts.<\/p>\n<p>SA O<sub>2<\/sub>: systemic arterial oxygen saturation; MV O<sub>2<\/sub>: mixed venous oxygen saturation; PV O<sub>2<\/sub>: pulmonary venous oxygen saturation; PA O<sub>2<\/sub>: pulmonary arterial oxygen saturation.<\/p>\n<p>MV O<sub>2 <\/sub>is calculated using <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Flamm formula<\/span>: {3(SVC O<sub>2<\/sub> content) + 1(IVC O<sub>2<\/sub> content)}\/4&nbsp; [1].<\/p>\n<p>Effective flow Q<sub>EFF<\/sub> is calculated when there is a bidirectional shunt. Effective pulmonary blood flow is the volume of unoxygenated blood flowing through the lungs, which is the volume which actually participates in the respiratory gas exchange.<\/p>\n<p>Effective pulmonary blood flow will be Q<sub>P<\/sub> &#8211; Q<sub>L-R<\/sub>. In pure left to right shunt, this value will be equal to the systemic blood flow.<sub><br><\/sub><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Reference<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Testuz A, Roffi M, Bonvini RF.<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22511371\/\"> Left-to-right shunt reduction with intra-aortic balloon pump in postmyocardial infarction ventricular septal defect<\/a>. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Mar;81(4):727-31.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calculation of shunt ratio is useful in deciding the operability of shunt lesions as well as their hemodynamic significance. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Calculation of intracardiac shunts by cardiac cath<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Calculation of shunt ratio is useful in deciding the operability of shunt lesions as well as their hemodynamic 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