{"id":12877,"date":"2014-07-28T13:08:13","date_gmt":"2014-07-28T13:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cardiophile.org\/?p=12877"},"modified":"2025-12-02T06:44:01","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T01:14:01","slug":"ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/","title":{"rendered":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/miwCOqt5_yc?si=2iqAuMn00fFuX9--\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When there is short RR interval following a long RR interval, the QRS terminating the short RR interval is wide due to aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern, known as Ashman phenomenon. This is because refractory period lengthens when RR interval increases. Aberrancy is more likely to occur in the right bundle than the left bundle. The aberrant beat can be mistaken for a ventricular ectopic beat.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_53330\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53330\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53330\" src=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg\" alt=\"Ashman Phenomenon in AF\" width=\"1200\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF-1024x586.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF-768x440.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53330\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashman Phenomenon in AF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Aberrancy may be sustained in subsequent beats due to concealed trans septal conduction. This will resemble a short run of ventricular tachycardia (VT).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_53331\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53331\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53331\" src=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Concealed-transseptal-conduction-in-Ashman-phenomenon-resembling-venttricular-tachycardia.png\" alt=\"Concealed transseptal conduction in Ashman phenomenon resembling ventricular tachycardia\" width=\"1280\" height=\"648\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Concealed-transseptal-conduction-in-Ashman-phenomenon-resembling-venttricular-tachycardia.png 1280w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Concealed-transseptal-conduction-in-Ashman-phenomenon-resembling-venttricular-tachycardia-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Concealed-transseptal-conduction-in-Ashman-phenomenon-resembling-venttricular-tachycardia-1024x518.png 1024w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Concealed-transseptal-conduction-in-Ashman-phenomenon-resembling-venttricular-tachycardia-768x389.png 768w, https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Concealed-transseptal-conduction-in-Ashman-phenomenon-resembling-venttricular-tachycardia-620x315.png 620w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53331\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Concealed transseptal conduction in Ashman phenomenon resembling ventricular tachycardia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The original description of Ashman phenomenon was in 1947 by Gouaux and Ashman.<\/p>\n<p>Fisch C has proposed a few\u00a0<strong>criteria for the diagnosis of Ashman phenomenon<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Long-short sequence terminating in the wide QRS. Occasionally a reverse sequence has also been reported. Though RBBB aberrancy is more common, LBBB aberrancy can also occur.<\/li>\n<li>RBBB aberrancy has a normal initial QRS vector.<\/li>\n<li>Varying coupling intervals of the aberrant QRS complexes<\/li>\n<li>Full compensatory pause is not seen as the underlying rhythm is atrial fibrillation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Bibliography<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Surawicz B, Knilans TK. Chou&#8217;s electrocardiography in clinical practice. 6th edn Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2008: chapter 17, ventricular arrhythmias; 405\u201339.<\/li>\n<li>Vivek Singla, Bhupinder Singh, Yadvinder Singh, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath. <a href=\"http:\/\/ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3669876\/\">Ashman Phenomenon: A Physiological Aberration<\/a>. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 May 24;2013:bcr2013009660.<\/li>\n<li>Fisch C.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/6826940\">Electrocardiography of arrhythmias: from deductive analysis to laboratory confirmation&#8211;twenty-five years of progress. <\/a>\u00a0J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983;1:306-16.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern, known as Ashman phenomenon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":53330,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[79,80,351,376,853,3267,3558],"class_list":["post-12877","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-aberrancy-more-likely-in-right-bundle","tag-aberrant-conduction","tag-ashman-phenomenon","tag-atrial-fibrillation","tag-concealed-trans-septal-conduction","tag-refractory-period-lengthens-when-rr-interval-increases","tag-short-rr-interval-following-a-long-rr-interval"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation - may resemble VPC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation: Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation - may resemble VPC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation: Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-28T13:08:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-02T01:14:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"687\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-28T13:08:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-02T01:14:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":266,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Aberrancy more likely in right bundle\",\"aberrant conduction\",\"Ashman phenomenon\",\"atrial fibrillation\",\"concealed trans septal conduction\",\"refractory period lengthens when RR interval increases\",\"short RR interval following a long RR interval\"],\"articleSection\":[\"General Cardiology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation - may resemble VPC\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-28T13:08:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-02T01:14:01+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation: Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":687,\"caption\":\"Ashman Phenomenon in AF\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation - may resemble VPC","description":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation: Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation - may resemble VPC","og_description":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation: Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern.","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2014-07-28T13:08:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-02T01:14:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":687,"url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation","datePublished":"2014-07-28T13:08:13+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-02T01:14:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/"},"wordCount":266,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg","keywords":["Aberrancy more likely in right bundle","aberrant conduction","Ashman phenomenon","atrial fibrillation","concealed trans septal conduction","refractory period lengthens when RR interval increases","short RR interval following a long RR interval"],"articleSection":["General Cardiology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/","name":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation - may resemble VPC","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg","datePublished":"2014-07-28T13:08:13+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-02T01:14:01+00:00","description":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation: Short RR interval following a long RR interval causes aberrant conduction with right bundle branch block pattern.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ashman-Phenomenon-in-AF.jpg","width":1200,"height":687,"caption":"Ashman Phenomenon in AF"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ashman-phenomenon-in-atrial-fibrillation\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ashman phenomenon in atrial fibrillation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12877","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12877"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12877\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65671,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12877\/revisions\/65671"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12877"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12877"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12877"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}