{"id":12899,"date":"2014-07-28T13:47:05","date_gmt":"2014-07-28T13:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cardiophile.org\/?p=12899"},"modified":"2023-02-17T06:07:58","modified_gmt":"2023-02-17T00:37:58","slug":"reynolds-number","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/","title":{"rendered":"Reynolds Number"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/m9mL2ixoduA\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Reynolds Number<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Reynolds number Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta<br \/>\nV = velocity of blood stream; d = diameter of the vessel; rho = density of blood; eta = viscosity of blood<br \/>\nWhen the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity (eta) increases, the number decreases. It may be noted that it is a dimensionless number. It is a ratio of local and convective forces to viscous forces. Viscous forces are secondary to viscosity of the blood and shear forces developed along the vessel wall [1].<\/p>\n<p>What is the significance of this number in the cardiovascular system? As mentioned above, when the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. Otherwise the chance of having a murmur or bruit increases. Now we know the parameters which will determine a murmur. Velocity of blood stream, diameter of the vessel and density of the blood increases the number while viscosity of blood has an inverse relationship. That is why anemia amplifies most murmurs while polycythemia decreases the murmurs.<\/p>\n<p>It has been shown that production of turbulent flow necessary for the production cardiac murmur is related to the number, ejection flow rates and cardiovascular geometry [1].<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Reference<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>J P Murgo. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0735109798004252\">Systolic ejection murmurs in the era of modern cardiology: What do we really know?<\/a> J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998 Nov 15;32(6):1596-602.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta. When Reynolds number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, Reynolds number decreases.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33810,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[1079,1115,4199],"class_list":["post-12899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-density-of-blood","tag-diameter-of-the-vessel","tag-viscosity-of-blood"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Reynolds number - determinant of turbulence and murmur<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta. When the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, the number decreases.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reynolds number - determinant of turbulence and murmur\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta. When the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, the number decreases.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-28T13:47:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-17T00:37:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Reynolds Number\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-28T13:47:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-17T00:37:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":213,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"keywords\":[\"density of blood\",\"diameter of the vessel\",\"viscosity of blood\"],\"articleSection\":[\"General Cardiology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/\",\"name\":\"Reynolds number - determinant of turbulence and murmur\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-28T13:47:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-17T00:37:58+00:00\",\"description\":\"Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \\\/ eta. When the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, the number decreases.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/reynolds-number\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Reynolds Number\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Reynolds number - determinant of turbulence and murmur","description":"Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta. When the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, the number decreases.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Reynolds number - determinant of turbulence and murmur","og_description":"Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta. When the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, the number decreases.","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2014-07-28T13:47:05+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-17T00:37:58+00:00","author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Reynolds Number","datePublished":"2014-07-28T13:47:05+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-17T00:37:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/"},"wordCount":213,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","keywords":["density of blood","diameter of the vessel","viscosity of blood"],"articleSection":["General Cardiology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/","name":"Reynolds number - determinant of turbulence and murmur","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","datePublished":"2014-07-28T13:47:05+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-17T00:37:58+00:00","description":"Reynolds number: Re = (V x d x rho) \/ eta. When the number is above 2000, flow becomes turbulent. When viscosity increases, the number decreases.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#primaryimage","url":"","contentUrl":""},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/reynolds-number\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Reynolds Number"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12899","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12899"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12899\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58585,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12899\/revisions\/58585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}