{"id":12958,"date":"2014-07-29T00:48:51","date_gmt":"2014-07-29T00:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cardiophile.org\/?p=12958"},"modified":"2023-02-11T07:06:18","modified_gmt":"2023-02-11T01:36:18","slug":"ankle-brachial-index","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/","title":{"rendered":"Ankle brachial index"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/n3tipMKqhFI\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Ankle brachial index &#8211; important in peripheral vascular disease<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Both upper limb brachial blood pressures are measured and the mean is taken. Then the ankle blood pressure is taken by tying the cuff on the calf and either auscultating the posterior tibial or using the Doppler probe over the dorsalis pedis artery. The ratio between the two is known as Ankle brachial index (ABI). Normal ratio between the ankle blood pressure and brachial blood pressure is more than 1; less than 0.9 is taken as evidence of peripheral vascular disease.<\/p>\n<p>ABI was initially described in 1950 for the non invasive diagnosis of lower limb peripheral arterial disease [1]. Later it was shown to be an indicator of atherosclerosis at other vascular sites and would serve as a prognostic marker for cardiovascular events as well [2].<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Winsor T. Influence of arterial disease on the systolic blood pressure gradients of the extremity. Am J Med Sci. 1950; 220:117\u2013126.<\/li>\n<li>Victor Aboyans, Michael H Criqui, Pierre Abraham, Matthew A Allison, Mark A Creager, Curt Diehm, F Gerry R Fowkes, William R Hiatt, Bj\u00f6rn J\u00f6nsson, Philippe Lacroix, Ben\u00f4it Marin, Mary M McDermott, Lars Norgren, Reena L Pande, Pierre-Marie Preux, H E Jelle Stoffers, Diane Treat-Jacobson, American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, and Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/cir.0b013e318276fbcb\">Measurement and Interpretation of the Ankle-Brachial Index: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association<\/a>. Circulation. 2012 Dec 11;126(24):2890-909.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":58533,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[217,2858,3176,3233],"class_list":["post-12958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-ankle-brachial-index","tag-peripheral-vascular-disease-2","tag-pvd","tag-ratio-between-ankle-and-brachial-blood-pressures"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ankle brachial index - important in peripheral vascular disease<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ankle brachial index - important in peripheral vascular disease\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-29T00:48:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-11T01:36:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"891\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Ankle brachial index\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-29T00:48:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-11T01:36:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":252,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"ankle brachial index\",\"peripheral vascular disease\",\"PVD\",\"ratio between ankle and brachial blood pressures\"],\"articleSection\":[\"General Cardiology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ankle brachial index - important in peripheral vascular disease\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-29T00:48:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-11T01:36:18+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":891},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/ankle-brachial-index\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ankle brachial index\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ankle brachial index - important in peripheral vascular disease","description":"Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ankle brachial index - important in peripheral vascular disease","og_description":"Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2014-07-29T00:48:51+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-11T01:36:18+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":891,"url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Ankle brachial index","datePublished":"2014-07-29T00:48:51+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-11T01:36:18+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/"},"wordCount":252,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg","keywords":["ankle brachial index","peripheral vascular disease","PVD","ratio between ankle and brachial blood pressures"],"articleSection":["General Cardiology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/","name":"Ankle brachial index - important in peripheral vascular disease","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg","datePublished":"2014-07-29T00:48:51+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-11T01:36:18+00:00","description":"Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Ankle-Brachial-Index-1.jpg","width":1200,"height":891},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/ankle-brachial-index\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ankle brachial index"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12958"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58535,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12958\/revisions\/58535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58533"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}