{"id":21761,"date":"2016-12-05T05:27:58","date_gmt":"2016-12-04T23:57:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cardiophile.org\/?p=21761"},"modified":"2022-12-05T20:04:58","modified_gmt":"2022-12-05T14:34:58","slug":"plax-view-in-ms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/","title":{"rendered":"PLAX view in MS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DAeiFfZXNaE\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">PLAX view in MS<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-32549 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Mild-MS-PLAX-1.jpg\" alt=\"PLAX view in MS\" width=\"1200\" height=\"887\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in mitral stenosis. The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed, with a hockey stick appearance. The posterior mitral leaflet moves anteriorly instead of the normal posterior movement (paradoxical motion). Both these abnormalities are a consequence of commissural fusion in rheumatic mitral stenosis. Left atrium is dilated as a sequelae of mitral stenosis or associated mitral regurgitation which can only be documented by Doppler (either color Doppler or continuous wave Doppler).<\/p>\n<p>Fair diastolic separation of the tips of mitral leaflets indicate that the mitral stenosis is unlikely to be severe. Hence the left atrial dilatation is likely to be due to significant mitral regurgitation. Another possibility is that mitral valve opening could have increased after a procedure like balloon mitral valvotomy, but pre existing left atrial dilatation has not regressed. Atrial fibrillation often associated with mitral stenosis is another potential reason for left atrial enlargement. Atrial fibrillation is more often related to duration of mitral stenosis than its severity.<\/p>\n<p>Mitral valve area can be measured by planimetry in a cross sectional image or by pressure half time in Doppler echo. Other less often used methods are using continuity equation and proximal isovelocity surface area method. Another mitral leaflet separation index has been introduced as a surrogate measure of mitral valve area [1]. MLS index was estimated by the maximal separation of mitral leaflet tips at end diastole. It was measured in PLAX view and apical 4 chamber view. Three measurements were made in each view and the mean was taken as MLS index. In patients with atrial fibrillation, five measurements were taken in each view and mean obtained. There was good correlation between MLS and MVA by planimetry.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Reference<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Thomas JK, Anoop TM, Sebastian GB, George K, George R. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3262517\/\">Mitral leaflet separation index in assessing the severity of mitral stenosis<\/a>. ISRN Cardiol. 2011;2011:768097.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PLAX view in MS Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in mitral stenosis. The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed, with a hockey stick appearance. The posterior mitral leaflet moves anteriorly instead of the normal posterior movement (paradoxical motion). Both these abnormalities are a consequence of commissural fusion in rheumatic mitral stenosis. Left [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32549,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,8],"tags":[227,829,2089,2399,2407,2427,2490,2776,2780,2908,2959,3339],"class_list":["post-21761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-echocardiogram-library-echocardiogram-library","category-echocardiogram-library","tag-anterior-mitral-leaflet","tag-commissural-fusion","tag-left-atrial-dilatation","tag-mitral-leaflet-separation-index","tag-mitral-stenosis","tag-mls-index","tag-ms","tag-paradoxical-motion","tag-parasternal-long-axis-view","tag-plax-view","tag-posterior-mitral-leaflet","tag-rheumatic-mitral-stenosis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in MS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view in mitral stenosis (MS). The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in MS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view in mitral stenosis (MS). The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-12-04T23:57:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-05T14:34:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"PLAX view in MS\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-12-04T23:57:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-05T14:34:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":315,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"keywords\":[\"anterior mitral leaflet\",\"commissural fusion\",\"left atrial dilatation\",\"Mitral leaflet separation index\",\"mitral stenosis\",\"MLS index\",\"MS\",\"paradoxical motion\",\"Parasternal long axis view\",\"PLAX view\",\"Posterior mitral leaflet\",\"rheumatic mitral stenosis\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Echocardiogram Library\",\"Echocardiography\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/\",\"name\":\"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in MS\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-12-04T23:57:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-05T14:34:58+00:00\",\"description\":\"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view in mitral stenosis (MS). The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/plax-view-in-ms\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"PLAX view in MS\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in MS","description":"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view in mitral stenosis (MS). The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in MS","og_description":"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view in mitral stenosis (MS). The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed.","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2016-12-04T23:57:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-12-05T14:34:58+00:00","author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"PLAX view in MS","datePublished":"2016-12-04T23:57:58+00:00","dateModified":"2022-12-05T14:34:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/"},"wordCount":315,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","keywords":["anterior mitral leaflet","commissural fusion","left atrial dilatation","Mitral leaflet separation index","mitral stenosis","MLS index","MS","paradoxical motion","Parasternal long axis view","PLAX view","Posterior mitral leaflet","rheumatic mitral stenosis"],"articleSection":["Echocardiogram Library","Echocardiography"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/","name":"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis view in MS","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","datePublished":"2016-12-04T23:57:58+00:00","dateModified":"2022-12-05T14:34:58+00:00","description":"PLAX view in MS: Echocardiogram in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view in mitral stenosis (MS). The anterior mitral leaflet is seen to be domed.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#primaryimage","url":"","contentUrl":""},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/plax-view-in-ms\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"PLAX view in MS"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21761"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21761\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":57286,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21761\/revisions\/57286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}