{"id":22258,"date":"2017-10-19T15:19:48","date_gmt":"2017-10-19T09:49:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cardiophile.org\/?p=22258"},"modified":"2017-10-19T15:19:48","modified_gmt":"2017-10-19T09:49:48","slug":"echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/","title":{"rendered":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect (VSD)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MjuqVTLWIbY\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-32166 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Perimembraneous-aneurysm-with-VSD-Jet.jpg\" alt=\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect\" width=\"1200\" height=\"699\"><br \/>\nEchocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: <a href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/parasternal-long-axis-view-in-normal-echocardiogram\/\">Parasternal long axis view<\/a> shows the subaortic perimembranous ventricular septal aneurysm (marked by arrows). There is a small ventricular septal defect at the apex of the aneurysm which is not very clear in the 2D (two dimensional) image. Right panel shows the mosaic (red multicoloured) VSD jet from the apex of the aneurysm into the right ventricle. Other structures seen in the image (not marked are the aorta (with blue colour flow mapping in right panel), left ventricle (to the left and below the VSD jet) and the left atrium (below and to the left of aortic blue jet). Mitral valve in the closed position between the left atrium and left ventricle (the frame in which VSD jet is visible will be a systolic frame).<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-32168 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Perimembraneous-aneurysm-with-VSD.jpg\" alt=\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect\" width=\"1300\" height=\"691\"><br \/>\nEchocardiogram in apical four chamber (slightly tilted) showing all four cardiac chambers (RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle; LA: left atrium; LV: left ventricle) and the perimembranous ventricular septal aneurysm with defect (arrow) in the left panel. Right panel shows the reddish mosaic (multi colored) jet through the ventricular septal defect.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-32170 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/VSD-Jet-CW-Doppler.jpg\" alt=\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect\" width=\"1200\" height=\"835\"><br \/>\nContinuous wave (CW) Doppler interrogation of the ventricular septal defect showed a pansystolic jet with a peak gradient of 61 mm Hg. This will be the difference between the systolic pressures of left and right ventricle. In a large VSD, when the pressures in the two ventricles are more or less equal, the velocity of the VSD jet will be small and hence the gradient will be low. When the pressure gradient across the VSD is high, it usually means that the VSD is restrictive. Here it is a restrictive VSD. Sometimes the right coronary cusp prolapse can cause aortic regurgitation even in a restrictive VSD [1].<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Reference<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Abqari S, Rabbani MU, Meshram HS, Gupta A. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26236374\">RCC prolapse causing Aortic regurgitation in a restrictive VSD<\/a>. Images Paediatr Cardiol. 2015 Jan-Mar;17(1):4-6.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Parasternal long axis view shows the subaortic perimembranous ventricular septal aneurysm (marked by arrows). There is a small ventricular septal defect at the apex of the aneurysm which is not very clear in the 2D (two dimensional) image. Right panel shows the mosaic (red multicoloured) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-echocardiogram-library-echocardiogram-library","category-echocardiogram-library"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: PLAX and apical 4C views<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Images from PLAX and apical 4C views shows perimembraneous aneurysm with small VSD. CW Doppler shows VSD jet.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: PLAX and apical 4C views\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Images from PLAX and apical 4C views shows perimembraneous aneurysm with small VSD. CW Doppler shows VSD jet.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-10-19T09:49:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect (VSD)\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-19T09:49:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":320,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"articleSection\":[\"Echocardiogram Library\",\"Echocardiography\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/\",\"name\":\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: PLAX and apical 4C views\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-19T09:49:48+00:00\",\"description\":\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Images from PLAX and apical 4C views shows perimembraneous aneurysm with small VSD. CW Doppler shows VSD jet.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect (VSD)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: PLAX and apical 4C views","description":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Images from PLAX and apical 4C views shows perimembraneous aneurysm with small VSD. CW Doppler shows VSD jet.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: PLAX and apical 4C views","og_description":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Images from PLAX and apical 4C views shows perimembraneous aneurysm with small VSD. CW Doppler shows VSD jet.","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2017-10-19T09:49:48+00:00","author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect (VSD)","datePublished":"2017-10-19T09:49:48+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/"},"wordCount":320,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","articleSection":["Echocardiogram Library","Echocardiography"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/","name":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: PLAX and apical 4C views","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","datePublished":"2017-10-19T09:49:48+00:00","description":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect: Images from PLAX and apical 4C views shows perimembraneous aneurysm with small VSD. CW Doppler shows VSD jet.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#primaryimage","url":"","contentUrl":""},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/echocardiogram-in-ventricular-septal-defect-vsd\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Echocardiogram in ventricular septal defect (VSD)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22258"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22258\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}