{"id":31175,"date":"2020-04-16T05:20:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-15T23:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?p=31175"},"modified":"2020-04-16T05:20:00","modified_gmt":"2020-04-15T23:50:00","slug":"mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq-answer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq-answer\/","title":{"rendered":"Mitral isthmus &#8211; Cardiology MCQ &#8211; Answer"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ikNeXHpTCcQ\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Mitral isthmus &#8211; Cardiology MCQ &#8211; Answer<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Mitral isthmus, often targeted during ablation of atrial fibrillation is between the mitral valve and &#8211; Correct answer:&nbsp;a) Left inferior pulmonary vein<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It is a narrow isthmus of myocardium between the lateral mitral annulus and the left inferior pulmonary vein [1]. It was first described by Luria DM et al 2001 during left accessory pathway ablation [2]. It was considered to be analogous to the cavotricuspid isthmus in the right atrium which is targeted for atrial flutter ablation. Feasibility and safety of ablation of the isthmus for atrial fibrillation was first reported in 2004 by Ja\u00efs P et al [3]. Prior to that, ablations were done in isolated case reports of atypical perimitral flutter.<\/p>\n<p>It is bounded by the lateral mitral annulus and left inferior pulmonary vein ostium. As it is adjacent to left atrial appendage and coronary sinus (epicardial), assessment of bidirectional block after ablation is feasible [1].<\/p>\n<p>As extensive ablation is often needed, including within the coronary sinus to achieve isthmus block and close relation to vital structures like left circumflex artery and esophagus, various complications have been reported [1]. These include cardiac tamponade, damage to left circumflex coronary artery and atrio-esophageal fistula.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq\/\"><strong>Back to question<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">References<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Wong KC, Betts TR. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3407408\/\">A review of mitral isthmus ablation<\/a>. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J. 2012 Jul;12(4):152-70.<\/li>\n<li>Luria DM, Nemec J, Etheridge SP, Compton SJ, Klein RC, Chugh SS, Munger TM, Shen WK, Packer DL, Jahangir A, Rea RF, Hammill SC, Friedman PA. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11469420\/\">Intra-atrial conduction block along the mitral valve annulus during accessory pathway ablation: evidence for a left atrial &#8220;isthmus&#8221;<\/a>. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2001 Jul;12(7):744-9.<\/li>\n<li>Ja\u00efs P, Hocini M, Hsu LF, Sanders P, Scavee C, Weerasooriya R, Macle L, Raybaud F, Garrigue S, Shah DC, Le Metayer P, Cl\u00e9menty J, Ha\u00efssaguerre M. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15520313\/\">Circulation. 2004 Nov 9; 110(19):2996-3002<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mitral isthmus &#8211; Cardiology MCQ &#8211; Answer Mitral isthmus, often targeted during ablation of atrial fibrillation is between the mitral valve and &#8211; Correct answer:&nbsp;a) Left inferior pulmonary vein It is a narrow isthmus of myocardium between the lateral mitral annulus and the left inferior pulmonary vein [1]. It was first described by Luria DM [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cardiology-mcq","category-dm-dnb-cardiology-entrance"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mitral isthmus - Cardiology MCQ - Answer - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mitral isthmus, often targeted during ablation of atrial fibrillation is between the mitral valve and - Correct answer:\u00a0a) Left inferior pulmonary vein\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq-answer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mitral isthmus - Cardiology MCQ - Answer - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mitral isthmus, often targeted during ablation of atrial fibrillation is between the mitral valve and - Correct answer:\u00a0a) Left inferior pulmonary vein\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq-answer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-04-15T23:50:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq-answer\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mitral-isthmus-cardiology-mcq-answer\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Mitral isthmus &#8211; 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