{"id":66356,"date":"2026-03-03T15:26:13","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T09:56:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?p=66356"},"modified":"2026-03-03T15:26:15","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T09:56:15","slug":"mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease"},"content":{"rendered":"<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8RR49GOj0Gc?si=i7EDlBPjNGtHZ2BH\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastering the interpretation of a 12-lead ECG in the context of Congenital Heart Disease requires moving beyond standard adult &#8220;ischemia-centric&#8221; thinking. In CHD, the ECG is a map of <strong>hemodynamic stress<\/strong>, reflecting chronic pressure or volume overloads that have physically reshaped the myocardium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. The &#8220;Situs&#8221; and Axis Assessment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before looking at hypertrophy, you must establish the heart&#8217;s position and internal arrangement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Dextrocardia:<\/strong> Look for global inversion in Lead I (negative P, QRS, and T waves) and a lack of R-wave progression in precordial leads.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>The Frontal Plane Axis:<\/strong> Extreme right-axis deviation (+180\u00b0 to -90\u00b0) is a hallmark of many cyanotic lesions. Conversely, a &#8220;superior&#8221; left-axis deviation (negative QRS in II, III, and aVF) in a cyanotic infant strongly suggests an <strong>Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AVSD)<\/strong> or <strong>Tricuspid Atresia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Chamber Enlargement Patterns<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In CHD, we look for &#8220;pure&#8221; forms of hypertrophy that are rarely seen in acquired adult disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RVH is the most common finding in CHD (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot, Pulmonary Stenosis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pressure Overload:<\/strong> Characterized by a tall R wave in V1 (>7 mm) and a deep S wave in V6. You may see a &#8220;pure&#8221; R wave in V1 (no S wave), which is highly specific for severe RVH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Volume Overload:<\/strong> Look for an <strong>RSR&#8217; pattern<\/strong> in V1 (incomplete RBBB). This is classic for an <strong>Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Often seen in Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD) or Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Katz-Wachtel Phenomenon:<\/strong> This is a classic CHD finding. Look for large, biphasic QRS complexes in the mid-precordial leads (V2\u2013V4). This represents <strong>biventricular hypertrophy<\/strong> caused by a large left-to-right shunt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. The P-Wave: Atrial Clues<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The atria often provide the first hint of the underlying defect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>P-Pulmonale:<\/strong> Tall, peaked P waves (>2.5 mm in lead II). This indicates right atrial enlargement, common in <strong>Ebstein\u2019s Anomaly<\/strong> or severe pulmonary hypertension.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>P-Mitrale:<\/strong> Notched, wide P waves in lead II or a deep terminal negative deflection in V1, indicating left atrial enlargement (e.g., Mitral Stenosis or large VSD).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Specific CHD &#8220;Signatures&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Certain defects have such distinct ECG patterns they are almost diagnostic:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Defect<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Primary ECG Finding<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ASD (Secundum)<\/strong><\/td><td>Right axis deviation + Incomplete RBBB (RSR&#8217; in V1).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ASD (Primum) \/ AVSD<\/strong><\/td><td>Superior Left Axis Deviation + RSR&#8217; in V1.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tricuspid Atresia<\/strong><\/td><td>Left Axis Deviation + Right Atrial Enlargement + LVH (in a cyanotic neonate).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tetralogy of Fallot<\/strong><\/td><td>Right Axis Deviation + Severe RVH (tall R in V1) + &#8220;Sudden&#8221; transition to S-wave in V2.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ebstein&#8217;s Anomaly<\/strong><\/td><td>&#8220;Himalayan&#8221; P-waves (massive RA) + bizarre RBBB + short PR interval (WPW association).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Transitioning to Adult CHD (ACHD)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As patients with CHD age, the 12-lead focus shifts from hypertrophy to <strong>arrhythmia and conduction delays<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Post-Surgical Scars:<\/strong> Scars from atriotomies (like the Mustard or Senning procedures) create reentry circuits, leading to Intra-atrial Reentrant Tachycardia (IART).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>QRS Duration:<\/strong> In repaired Tetralogy of Fallot, a QRS duration >180 ms is a significant predictor of ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mastering the interpretation of a 12-lead ECG in the context of Congenital Heart Disease requires moving beyond standard adult &#8220;ischemia-centric&#8221; thinking. In CHD, the ECG is a map of hemodynamic stress, reflecting chronic pressure or volume overloads that have physically reshaped the myocardium. 1. The &#8220;Situs&#8221; and Axis Assessment Before looking at hypertrophy, you must [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":66357,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mastering the interpretation of a 12-lead ECG in the context of Congenital Heart Disease requires moving beyond standard adult &#8220;ischemia-centric&#8221; thinking. In CHD, the ECG is a map of hemodynamic stress, reflecting chronic pressure or volume overloads that have physically reshaped the myocardium. 1. The &#8220;Situs&#8221; and Axis Assessment Before looking at hypertrophy, you must [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-03T09:56:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-03T09:56:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1207\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-03T09:56:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-03T09:56:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":487,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"General Cardiology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-03T09:56:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-03T09:56:15+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg\",\"width\":1207,\"height\":675},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","og_description":"Mastering the interpretation of a 12-lead ECG in the context of Congenital Heart Disease requires moving beyond standard adult &#8220;ischemia-centric&#8221; thinking. In CHD, the ECG is a map of hemodynamic stress, reflecting chronic pressure or volume overloads that have physically reshaped the myocardium. 1. The &#8220;Situs&#8221; and Axis Assessment Before looking at hypertrophy, you must [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2026-03-03T09:56:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-03-03T09:56:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1207,"height":675,"url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease","datePublished":"2026-03-03T09:56:13+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-03T09:56:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/"},"wordCount":487,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg","articleSection":["General Cardiology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/","name":"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg","datePublished":"2026-03-03T09:56:13+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-03T09:56:15+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mastering-the-12-Lead-in-Congenital-Heart-Disease.jpg","width":1207,"height":675},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/mastering-the-12-lead-in-congenital-heart-disease\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Mastering the 12-Lead in Congenital Heart Disease"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66356"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66361,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66356\/revisions\/66361"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}