{"id":67701,"date":"2026-07-07T06:59:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T01:29:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?p=67701"},"modified":"2026-07-07T06:59:37","modified_gmt":"2026-07-07T01:29:37","slug":"choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/","title":{"rendered":"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others"},"content":{"rendered":"<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mvi4zGnRt1w?si=3CV4kiC7W7o10B51\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Left atrial abnormality (LAA)<\/strong> is the most accurate and guideline-preferred terminology. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jacc.org\/doi\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.015\" type=\"link\" id=\"https:\/\/www.jacc.org\/doi\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.015\">2009 AHA\/ACCF\/HRS recommendations<\/a> for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram explicitly favor &#8220;abnormality&#8221; over &#8220;enlargement,&#8221; &#8220;hypertrophy,&#8221; or &#8220;overload.&#8221; Here is the clinical rationale behind why LAA is the superior term:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Physiology of the P-Wave<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An ECG records electrical vectors and timing, not physical anatomy. The classic criteria for this condition &#8211; such as a P-wave duration of 120 ms or more in lead II (P mitrale) or a prominent P-wave terminal force in V1 (PTFV1 \u2265 0.04 mm . s) &#8211; indicate <strong>delayed left atrial activation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This electrical delay can be caused by three distinct pathophysiological states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Anatomical Dilation:<\/strong> True physical stretching and remodeling of the left atrium.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Hemodynamic Stress:<\/strong> Elevated left atrial filling pressures (e.g., in acute heart failure, mitral stenosis, or diastolic dysfunction) increasing wall tension, which can prolong activation without necessarily causing immediate structural dilation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Conduction Delay:<\/strong> Interatrial block (such as delayed conduction through Bachmann&#8217;s bundle) caused by fibrosis, aging, or ischemia. This can occur in a structurally normal, normal-sized atrium.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Terminology Comparison<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Term<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Implication<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Clinical Accuracy<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Left Atrial Abnormality (LAA)<\/strong><\/td><td>An alteration in the electrical activation of the left atrium.<\/td><td><strong>High.<\/strong> It correctly describes the electrical reality on the ECG without incorrectly assuming the underlying anatomical or hemodynamic cause.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE)<\/strong><\/td><td>A physical increase in the dimensions or volume of the chamber.<\/td><td><strong>Low.<\/strong> The ECG is an electrical tool with poor sensitivity for true anatomical enlargement. Echocardiography or cardiac MRI is required to diagnose physical &#8220;enlargement.&#8221;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Left Atrial Overload (LAO)<\/strong><\/td><td>Elevated pressure or volume load within the chamber.<\/td><td><strong>Incomplete.<\/strong> While elevated filling pressures can cause the ECG findings, the term excludes primary conduction delays (interatrial block) as a potential cause.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using &#8220;Left Atrial Abnormality&#8221; prevents overstating what the surface ECG can actually confirm, properly leaving the definitive anatomical diagnosis to imaging modalities like echocardiography.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Left atrial abnormality (LAA) is the most accurate and guideline-preferred terminology. The 2009 AHA\/ACCF\/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram explicitly favor &#8220;abnormality&#8221; over &#8220;enlargement,&#8221; &#8220;hypertrophy,&#8221; or &#8220;overload.&#8221; Here is the clinical rationale behind why LAA is the superior term: The Physiology of the P-Wave An ECG records electrical vectors and timing, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":67703,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-67701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Left atrial abnormality (LAA) is the most accurate and guideline-preferred terminology. The 2009 AHA\/ACCF\/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram explicitly favor &#8220;abnormality&#8221; over &#8220;enlargement,&#8221; &#8220;hypertrophy,&#8221; or &#8220;overload.&#8221; Here is the clinical rationale behind why LAA is the superior term: The Physiology of the P-Wave An ECG records electrical vectors and timing, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-07T01:29:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-07T01:29:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1278\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"719\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-07T01:29:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-07T01:29:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":323,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"General Cardiology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/\",\"name\":\"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-07T01:29:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-07T01:29:37+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg\",\"width\":1278,\"height\":719},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","og_description":"Left atrial abnormality (LAA) is the most accurate and guideline-preferred terminology. The 2009 AHA\/ACCF\/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram explicitly favor &#8220;abnormality&#8221; over &#8220;enlargement,&#8221; &#8220;hypertrophy,&#8221; or &#8220;overload.&#8221; Here is the clinical rationale behind why LAA is the superior term: The Physiology of the P-Wave An ECG records electrical vectors and timing, [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2026-07-07T01:29:35+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-07-07T01:29:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1278,"height":719,"url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others","datePublished":"2026-07-07T01:29:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-07T01:29:37+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/"},"wordCount":323,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg","articleSection":["General Cardiology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/","name":"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others - All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg","datePublished":"2026-07-07T01:29:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-07T01:29:37+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Choosing-the-Right-ECG-Terminology-Left-Atrial-Abnormality-vs-Others.jpg","width":1278,"height":719},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/choosing-the-right-ecg-terminology-left-atrial-abnormality-vs-others\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Choosing the Right ECG Terminology: Left Atrial Abnormality vs Others"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67701"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67701\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67707,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67701\/revisions\/67707"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/67703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}