{"id":9903,"date":"2015-01-10T05:48:07","date_gmt":"2015-01-10T05:48:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cardiophile.org\/2009\/09\/coronary-sinus-atresia.html"},"modified":"2015-01-10T05:48:07","modified_gmt":"2015-01-10T05:48:07","slug":"coronary-sinus-atresia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/","title":{"rendered":"Coronary sinus atresia &#8211;  congenital and acquired"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Coronary sinus atresia &#8211; congenital and acquired<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0QvSx7-qTns\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nCoronary sinus atresia &#8211; congenital and acquired:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:&nbsp;<\/strong><em>Coronary sinus atresia is usually a congenital anomaly. Sometimes it is acquired, due to an AV fistula involving the middle cardiac vein which becomes grossly enlarged and impinges on the coronary sinus ostium and closes it off.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Congenital atresia of the right atrial ostium of the coronary sinus can lead to different pathways for drainage of coronary venous outflow.&nbsp;In some cases, coronary venous outflow may move through a persistent left superior vena cava into the left brachiocephalic vein. From the left brachiocephalic vein it reaches the right atrium through the right superior vena cava.<sup>1,2<\/sup> In another case this pattern was associated with additional aortic arch hypoplasia and ventricular septal defect.<sup>3&nbsp;<\/sup>Rare instances in which the coronary venous blood was diverted to the left atrium has also been described.<sup>4<\/sup> It is usually through an unroofed coronary sinus which opens into the left atrium.<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>In this era of cardiac resynchronization therapy, failure to cannulate the coronary sinus for left ventricular lead implantation often prompts the detection of atresia of the right atrial ostium of the coronary sinus. Levophase of left coronary angiogram shows the coronary sinus ostial atresia and the track of coronary venous drainage. Implantation of the left ventricular lead through the persistent left superior vena cava is then resorted to.<sup>6<\/sup> In this case there was also a large thrombus at the junction of the persistent left superior vena cava and the coronary sinus.<br \/>\nCoronary sinus atresia was detected in one case during coronary angiography prior to surgical repair of an atrial defect in a pentagenerian.<sup>7<\/sup> In this case also there was an associate persistent left superior vena cava draining to the left innominate vein. From the left innominate vein, coronary outflow reached the right atrium through the right superior vena cava. Atresia of the coronary sinus ostium into the right atrium was further confirmed at surgical repair of the atrial septal defect.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Falcone MW, Roberts WC. Atresia of the right atrial ostium of the coronary sinus unassociated with persistence of the left superior vena cava: a clinicopathologic study of four adult patients.&nbsp;Am Heart J. 1972 May;83(5):604-11.<\/li>\n<li>Gerlis LM, Gibbs JL, Williams GJ, Thomas GD. Coronary sinus orifice atresia and persistent left superior vena cava. A report of two cases, one associated with atypical coronary artery thrombosis.&nbsp;Br Heart J. 1984 Dec;52(6):648-53.<\/li>\n<li>Calcagni G, Ou P, Marini D, Bonnet D, Agnoletti G.&nbsp;Atresia of the coronary sinus ostium: surgical implications.&nbsp;Int J Cardiol. 2007 Apr 4;116(3):e92-4.<\/li>\n<li>Fieldstein LE, Pick J. Drainage of the coronary sinus into the left&nbsp;auricle; report of rare congenital cardiac anomaly. Am J Clin<br \/>\nPathol 1942; 12: 66-9.<\/li>\n<li>Adatia I, Gittenberger-de Groot AC. Unroofed coronary sinus and coronary sinus orifice atresia Implications for management of complex congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995 Mar 15;25(4):948-53.<\/li>\n<li>Stevenhagen J, Meijer A, Bracke FA, van Gelder BM. Coronary sinus atresia and persistent left superior vena cava with the presence of thrombus complicating implantation of a left ventricular pacing lead. Europace. 2008 Mar;10(3):384-7.<\/li>\n<li>Ito H, Tamura H, Ito Y. Images in cardiology: coronary sinus ostial atresia with persistent left superior vena cava connected with atrial septal defect.&nbsp;Heart. 2000 Sep;84(3):289.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Coronary sinus atresia is usually a congenital anomaly. Sometimes it is acquired, due to an AV fistula involving the middle cardiac vein which becomes grossly enlarged and impinges on the coronary sinus ostium and closes it off.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39922,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired due to compression<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired. Sometimes due compression of ostium by grossly enlarged AV fistula of middle cardiac vein.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired due to compression\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired. Sometimes due compression of ostium by grossly enlarged AV fistula of middle cardiac vein.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-01-10T05:48:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Johnson Francis\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"headline\":\"Coronary sinus atresia &#8211; congenital and acquired\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-01-10T05:48:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":550,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"articleSection\":[\"General Cardiology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/\",\"name\":\"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired due to compression\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-01-10T05:48:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired. Sometimes due compression of ostium by grossly enlarged AV fistula of middle cardiac vein.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/coronary-sinus-atresia\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Coronary sinus atresia &#8211; congenital and acquired\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/\",\"name\":\"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec\",\"name\":\"Johnson Francis\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Johnson Francis\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"description\":\"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/johnsonfrancis.org\\\/professional\\\/author\\\/jf\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired due to compression","description":"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired. Sometimes due compression of ostium by grossly enlarged AV fistula of middle cardiac vein.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired due to compression","og_description":"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired. Sometimes due compression of ostium by grossly enlarged AV fistula of middle cardiac vein.","og_url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/","og_site_name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","article_published_time":"2015-01-10T05:48:07+00:00","author":"Johnson Francis","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Johnson Francis","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/"},"author":{"name":"Johnson Francis","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"headline":"Coronary sinus atresia &#8211; congenital and acquired","datePublished":"2015-01-10T05:48:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/"},"wordCount":550,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","articleSection":["General Cardiology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/","name":"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired due to compression","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","datePublished":"2015-01-10T05:48:07+00:00","description":"Coronary sinus atresia - congenital and acquired. Sometimes due compression of ostium by grossly enlarged AV fistula of middle cardiac vein.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#primaryimage","url":"","contentUrl":""},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/coronary-sinus-atresia\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Coronary sinus atresia &#8211; congenital and acquired"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#website","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/","name":"All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/#\/schema\/person\/5441d907049b914770f4bd98fb57feec","name":"Johnson Francis","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Johnson Francis"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/80861b82c3f559be9e413245c5643b6c483c93495507facfe32cf96ccd8bcffd?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"description":"Former Professor of Cardiology, Calicut Govt. Medical Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Editor-in-Chief, BMH Medical Journal","url":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/author\/jf\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9903","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9903"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9903\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/professional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}