{"id":11408,"date":"2024-10-21T10:55:26","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T05:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/?p=11408"},"modified":"2024-10-21T10:57:11","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T05:27:11","slug":"ham-radio-exam-preparation-conductors-insulators-and-ohms-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/ham-radio-exam-preparation-conductors-insulators-and-ohms-law\/","title":{"rendered":"Ham Radio Exam Preparation: Conductors, Insulators and Ohm&#8217;s Law"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XWa6Uw6_M5M?si=tgsHK8RiTDj2ogRl\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nConductors are used in electronic circuits to carry electric currents between various parts of the circuits. Insulators are used when you do not want currents to get conducted between adjacent components in a circuit. The printed circuit board on which electronic components are mounted have both conductors and insulator. The basic material with which the PCB is made is an insulator with very low conductivity of electricity. The circuit printed on it has high conductivity and is usually made of metals like copper. The insulator between plates of a capacitor is known as a dielectric. Sometimes the dielectric is air, which is also a poor conductor of electricity under usual operating voltages. At high voltages, especially if the distance between conductors is less, air can get ionized and act as a conductor, producing arcing. You may have noted this in high voltage overhead lines sometimes.<\/p>\n<p>Current flow through a conductor is measured using an ammeter, which is connected in series. The unit of current is an Ampere. Smaller values can be expressed as milliamperes and microamperes. The symbol &#8216;I&#8217; is used for denoting current in a circuit. One ampere can be defined as a charge of one Coulomb passing a given point per second. An ammeter or ampere meter is a modified galvanometer which draws a small portion of the current in a circuit to produce deflection in a moving coil meter. Now we have digital devices to measure current in a multimeter, which can measure many other quantities as well. An electrical current which travels only in one direction is known as a direct current, while a current which alternates its polarity with a definite frequency like 50 Hz of the mains supply, is known as an alternating current.<\/p>\n<p>Ohm&#8217;s law defines the relation between current, voltage and resistance in circuit, typically for direct current. The current flowing through a circuit is directly proportional to the electromotive force or voltage applied and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. It can be stated mathematically as I = V\/R, where I is the current, V the voltage or electromotive force and R the resistance. Voltage is measured in Volts and smaller quantities expressed as millivolts or microvolts. Resistance is measured in Ohms and higher values may be expressed as kilo Ohms and Mega Ohms. The formula of Ohm&#8217;s law may be transformed to V = IR and R = V\/I. So, if two of the values are known, the third one can be calculated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Conductors are used in electronic circuits to carry electric currents between various parts of the circuits. Insulators are used when you do not want currents to get conducted between adjacent components in a circuit. The printed circuit board on which electronic components are mounted have both conductors and insulator. The basic material with which the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amateur-radio-ham-radio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ham Radio Exam Preparation: Conductors, Insulators and Ohm&#039;s Law - Johnson&#039;s Techworld<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/ham-radio-exam-preparation-conductors-insulators-and-ohms-law\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ham Radio Exam Preparation: Conductors, Insulators and Ohm&#039;s Law - Johnson&#039;s Techworld\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Conductors are used in electronic circuits to carry electric currents between various parts of the circuits. 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