{"id":16976,"date":"2026-04-30T20:43:36","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T15:13:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/?p=16976"},"modified":"2026-04-30T20:43:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T15:13:37","slug":"moxon-yagi-for-leo-satellites","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/moxon-yagi-for-leo-satellites\/","title":{"rendered":"Moxon-Yagi for LEO Satellites"},"content":{"rendered":"<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JS3U3SBhuXw?si=KplyR9s9eP_hSgDH\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>Moxon-Yagi <\/strong>is a highly effective, compact choice for LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite operations, particularly for handheld use. By combining the wide beamwidth and excellent front-to-back (F\/B) ratio of a Moxon rectangle with the high gain of Yagi directors, you get an antenna that is easier to point at a moving satellite than a high-gain, narrow-beam traditional Yagi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Use a Moxon-Yagi for Satellites?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most LEO satellite work happens on the <strong>2m (VHF)<\/strong> and <strong>70cm (UHF)<\/strong> bands. A traditional Yagi for 2m can be quite long and unwieldy for handheld operation. The Moxon-Yagi solves several practical problems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Size:<\/strong> The Moxon rectangle &#8220;folds&#8221; the elements, reducing the 2m wingspan by about 25\u201330% compared to a standard dipole or Yagi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Directivity:<\/strong> It offers a very clean radiation pattern with a deep null behind the antenna, which helps eliminate local terrestrial interference (QRM) during weak-signal satellite passes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Beamwidth:<\/strong> It has a wider &#8220;sweet spot&#8221; than a multi-element Yagi, making it much more forgiving if your tracking isn&#8217;t 100% precise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>50-Ohm Match:<\/strong> A well-designed Moxon has a native impedance very close to 50 ohms, allowing for a direct coax feed without complex gamma matches or hairpins.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Popular Design: The Dual-Band Hybrid<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"p-rc_fe5c9fbb1eaca311-20\">A common configuration is to use a <strong>2m Moxon as the driven element<\/strong> and mount several <strong>70cm Yagi elements<\/strong> on the same boom.<sup><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. The Single Feedline Trick<sup><\/sup><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"p-rc_fe5c9fbb1eaca311-21\">Many builders use <strong>inductive coupling<\/strong> to avoid using a diplexer. In this setup, the coax is connected only to the 2m Moxon. A 70cm &#8220;slave&#8221; driven element is placed very close to the 2m element.<sup><\/sup> Through mutual induction, the 70cm energy is transferred to the UHF portion of the antenna.<sup><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Dimensions and Geometry<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a 2m (145 MHz) \/ 70cm (435 MHz) build, a typical design (like the well-known <strong>M1GEO or LY3LP designs<\/strong>) looks like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>VHF Section:<\/strong> A 2-element Moxon (one driven element, one reflector).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>UHF Section:<\/strong> 3 to 5 Yagi elements (director and\/or reflector) optimized for 435\u2013438 MHz.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Boom:<\/strong> Usually made from 20mm or 25mm PVC pipe or a wooden dowel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Homebrewing Tips<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are building this from scratch using materials like aluminum welding rods or 10-12 AWG copper wire:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Software Simulation:<\/strong> Use <strong>MMANA-GAL<\/strong> or <strong>EZNEC<\/strong> to fine-tune the element spacing. Because the 70cm elements are &#8220;nested&#8221; within the 2m footprint, they can interact and shift the resonance of the 2m section.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Element Mounting:<\/strong> For a lightweight handheld version, 3.2mm aluminum welding rods are ideal. You can secure them to a PVC boom by drilling holes through the pipe and using hot glue or small cable ties.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The &#8220;Gap&#8221; is Critical:<\/strong> In a Moxon, the distance between the tips of the driven element and the reflector (the &#8220;tails&#8221; that point at each other) is the most sensitive dimension for achieving a good SWR and F\/B ratio. Use an insulator like a small piece of plastic tubing to keep this gap consistent.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>RF Choke:<\/strong> Always include a small &#8220;Ugly Balun&#8221; (4\u20135 turns of the coax around the boom) right at the feedpoint to prevent the shield from becoming part of the antenna and skewing the pattern.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operating Considerations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Polarization:<\/strong> Satellites tumble as they pass over. Since the Moxon-Yagi is linearly polarized, you will need to rotate the antenna on its axis (wrist-twist) during the pass to maintain the strongest signal as the satellite&#8217;s orientation changes relative to you.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Full Duplex:<\/strong> If you plan to transmit and receive simultaneously (standard for linear transponder satellites), ensure your coax is high quality (like RG-58 or LMR-240) to minimize loss on 70cm, where cable attenuation is much higher.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Moxon-Yagi is a highly effective, compact choice for LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite operations, particularly for handheld use. By combining the wide beamwidth and excellent front-to-back (F\/B) ratio of a Moxon rectangle with the high gain of Yagi directors, you get an antenna that is easier to point at a moving satellite than a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16979,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amateur-radio-ham-radio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Moxon-Yagi for LEO Satellites - Johnson&#039;s Techworld<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/moxon-yagi-for-leo-satellites\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Moxon-Yagi for LEO Satellites - Johnson&#039;s Techworld\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A Moxon-Yagi is a highly effective, compact choice for LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite operations, particularly for handheld use. 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