{"id":18417,"date":"2026-11-02T08:20:38","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T02:50:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/?p=18417"},"modified":"2026-11-02T08:20:40","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T02:50:40","slug":"ham-radio-exam-preparation-topic-resistors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/johnsonfrancis.org\/techworld\/ham-radio-exam-preparation-topic-resistors\/","title":{"rendered":"Ham Radio Exam Preparation: Topic Resistors"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"asoc-resistor-quiz-app\" style=\"max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto; font-family: sans-serif; position: relative;\">\n    \n    <style>\n        #asoc-resistor-quiz-app {\n            background: #f9f9f9;\n            padding: 20px;\n            border-radius: 8px;\n            box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n        }\n        #quiz-scoreboard {\n            position: sticky;\n            top: 10px;\n            background: #0056b3;\n            color: white;\n            padding: 10px 20px;\n            border-radius: 5px;\n            font-size: 1.2em;\n            font-weight: bold;\n            text-align: right;\n            z-index: 100;\n            box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\n            margin-bottom: 20px;\n            display: flex;\n            justify-content: space-between;\n        }\n        .quiz-question-card {\n            background: white;\n            border: 1px solid #ddd;\n            border-radius: 5px;\n            padding: 15px;\n            margin-bottom: 20px;\n        }\n        .quiz-question-text {\n            font-weight: bold;\n            margin-bottom: 10px;\n            font-size: 1.1em;\n            color: #333;\n        }\n        .quiz-options {\n            list-style: none;\n            padding: 0;\n            margin: 0;\n        }\n        .quiz-option-btn {\n            display: block;\n            width: 100%;\n            text-align: left;\n            padding: 10px;\n            margin-bottom: 5px;\n            background: #eef2f5;\n            border: 1px solid #ccc;\n            border-radius: 4px;\n            cursor: pointer;\n            transition: background 0.2s;\n            font-size: 1em;\n        }\n        .quiz-option-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {\n            background: #dfe6eb;\n        }\n        .quiz-option-btn:disabled {\n            cursor: not-allowed;\n            color: #555;\n        }\n        .quiz-option-btn.correct {\n            background: #d4edda !important;\n            border-color: #c3e6cb !important;\n            color: #155724;\n            font-weight: bold;\n        }\n        .quiz-option-btn.incorrect {\n            background: #f8d7da !important;\n            border-color: #f5c6cb !important;\n            color: #721c24;\n        }\n        .quiz-explanation {\n            display: none;\n            margin-top: 15px;\n            padding: 10px;\n            border-left: 4px solid #0056b3;\n            background: #e8f4ff;\n            font-size: 0.95em;\n            line-height: 1.5;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n\n    <div id=\"quiz-scoreboard\">\n        <span>Ham Radio Exam: Resistors<\/span>\n        <span id=\"score-display\">Score: 0 \/ 25<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"quiz-questions-container\"><\/div>\n\n    <script>\n        (function() {\n            'use strict';\n\n            const quizData = [\n                {\n                    q: \"1. What is the basic unit of electrical resistance?\",\n                    opts: [\"Ampere\", \"Volt\", \"Ohm\", \"Farad\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"The Ohm (\u03a9) is the standard unit of electrical resistance, named after Georg Simon Ohm.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"2. How is the total resistance calculated for two resistors (R1 and R2) connected in series?\",\n                    opts: [\"Rt = R1 x R2\", \"Rt = R1 + R2\", \"Rt = (R1 x R2) \/ (R1 + R2)\", \"Rt = 1 \/ (R1 + R2)\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"In a series circuit, resistance is additive. Total resistance is simply the sum of all individual resistors: Rt = R1 + R2.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"3. How is the total resistance calculated for two resistors (R1 and R2) connected in parallel?\",\n                    opts: [\"Rt = R1 + R2\", \"Rt = (R1 + R2) \/ (R1 x R2)\", \"Rt = (R1 x R2) \/ (R1 + R2)\", \"Rt = R1 - R2\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"For two resistors in parallel, the product-over-sum formula is used: Rt = (R1 x R2) \/ (R1 + R2).\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"4. According to Ohm's Law, how is voltage (V) calculated if current (I) and resistance (R) are known?\",\n                    opts: [\"V = I \/ R\", \"V = R \/ I\", \"V = I x R\", \"V = I + R\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"Ohm's Law states that Voltage equals Current multiplied by Resistance (V = I * R).\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"5. What is the standard formula for calculating power (P) dissipated by a resistor?\",\n                    opts: [\"P = I x R\", \"P = I\u00b2 x R\", \"P = V\u00b2 x I\", \"P = I \/ V\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"Power dissipated by a resistor can be calculated using P = I\u00b2 * R, or alternatively P = V * I or P = V\u00b2 \/ R.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"6. What is the resistance of a standard through-hole resistor with the color bands: Red, Red, Red, Gold?\",\n                    opts: [\"220 Ohms\", \"2.2 kOhms\", \"22 kOhms\", \"220 kOhms\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"Red (2), Red (2), Red (multiplier x100) = 2200 Ohms or 2.2 kOhms. Gold indicates a 5% tolerance.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"7. What is the resistance of a resistor with the color bands: Brown, Black, Orange, Silver?\",\n                    opts: [\"10 kOhms\", \"1 kOhm\", \"100 kOhms\", \"100 Ohms\"],\n                    ans: 0,\n                    exp: \"Brown (1), Black (0), Orange (multiplier x1,000) = 10,000 Ohms or 10 kOhms. Silver indicates 10% tolerance.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"8. A resistor is marked with the color bands: Yellow, Violet, Yellow. What is its value?\",\n                    opts: [\"47 kOhms\", \"4.7 kOhms\", \"470 kOhms\", \"4.7 MOhms\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"Yellow (4), Violet (7), Yellow (multiplier x10,000) = 470,000 Ohms, which is 470 kOhms.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"9. In the 4-band resistor color code, what tolerance does a Gold fourth band indicate?\",\n                    opts: [\"1%\", \"5%\", \"10%\", \"20%\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"A gold tolerance band indicates that the actual resistance is within +\/- 5% of the stated value.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"10. In the 4-band resistor color code, what tolerance does a Silver fourth band indicate?\",\n                    opts: [\"1%\", \"5%\", \"10%\", \"20%\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"A silver tolerance band indicates that the actual resistance is within +\/- 10% of the stated value.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"11. You read an SMD (Surface Mount Device) resistor with the code '103'. What is its resistance?\",\n                    opts: [\"103 Ohms\", \"1 kOhm\", \"10 kOhms\", \"100 kOhms\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"The first two digits (10) are significant figures, and the third (3) is the multiplier (number of zeros). 10 + 000 = 10,000 Ohms or 10 kOhms.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"12. What is the value of an SMD resistor marked '472'?\",\n                    opts: [\"472 Ohms\", \"4.7 kOhms\", \"47 kOhms\", \"4700 kOhms\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"47 followed by 2 zeros = 4700 Ohms, or 4.7 kOhms.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"13. What type of resistor is ideal for building an RF dummy load for your HF transceiver?\",\n                    opts: [\"Wirewound resistor\", \"Carbon composition or non-inductive metal oxide\", \"Thermistor\", \"Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"RF dummy loads require non-inductive resistors (like carbon composition or specialized metal oxide). Wirewound resistors have too much inductive reactance at radio frequencies.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"14. What is the primary purpose of a 'bleeder resistor' in a high-voltage power supply (such as in a linear amplifier)?\",\n                    opts: [\"To increase output voltage\", \"To bleed off excess current to the antenna\", \"To safely discharge filter capacitors when power is turned off\", \"To regulate the AC mains frequency\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"Bleeder resistors are placed across filter capacitors in high-voltage supplies to drain off the stored, potentially lethal charge after the equipment is powered down.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"15. If you add a resistor in parallel to an existing circuit, what happens to the total resistance?\",\n                    opts: [\"It increases\", \"It decreases\", \"It remains the same\", \"It doubles\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"Adding parallel paths for current to flow always decreases the overall total resistance of the circuit.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"16. What is a thermistor?\",\n                    opts: [\"A resistor that changes value based on applied voltage\", \"A resistor whose resistance varies significantly with temperature\", \"A precision resistor for audio circuits\", \"A variable resistor controlled by a physical knob\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"A thermistor is a thermally sensitive resistor whose resistance changes predictably with temperature changes, often used in thermal protection circuits like LM311 NTC setups.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"17. What is a potentiometer?\",\n                    opts: [\"A three-terminal variable resistor used as a voltage divider\", \"A device to measure potential energy\", \"A fixed resistor with high power rating\", \"A two-terminal current limiting device\"],\n                    ans: 0,\n                    exp: \"A potentiometer is a three-terminal variable resistor. The two outer pins are the ends of the resistive element, and the center pin is the sliding wiper, commonly used as a volume or voltage control.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"18. How does a rheostat differ from a standard potentiometer connection?\",\n                    opts: [\"It uses all three terminals to divide voltage\", \"It is only used in AC circuits\", \"It uses only two terminals to act as a variable series resistor\", \"It has a fixed, unchangeable value\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"A rheostat is a variable resistor connected using only two terminals (one end of the resistive track and the wiper), used primarily to control current in a series circuit.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"19. Why are standard wirewound resistors generally unsuitable for use in RF (Radio Frequency) circuits?\",\n                    opts: [\"They get too cold\", \"Their coil construction introduces unwanted inductive reactance\", \"They have too tight of a tolerance\", \"They cannot handle high power\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"Wirewound resistors are made by coiling resistive wire around a core. This coil acts like an inductor, creating inductive reactance that interferes with RF signal paths.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"20. What is a major advantage of carbon composition resistors in RF applications?\",\n                    opts: [\"They are highly inductive\", \"They have very high power ratings (e.g., 100W)\", \"They are virtually non-inductive\", \"They are the most stable over long periods of time\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"Carbon composition resistors consist of a solid rod of resistive material. Lacking a coiled structure, they are non-inductive, making them excellent for RF circuits like filters and dummy loads.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"21. If you connect two 50 Ohm resistors in parallel, what is the total equivalent resistance?\",\n                    opts: [\"100 Ohms\", \"75 Ohms\", \"25 Ohms\", \"0 Ohms\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"When two identical resistors are in parallel, the total resistance is half the value of one resistor. 50 \/ 2 = 25 Ohms.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"22. If you connect three 100 Ohm resistors in parallel, what is the total equivalent resistance?\",\n                    opts: [\"300 Ohms\", \"50 Ohms\", \"33.3 Ohms\", \"10 Ohms\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"For multiple identical resistors in parallel, divide the value of one resistor by the number of resistors. 100 \/ 3 = 33.3 Ohms.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"23. What is the theoretical resistance of an 'open circuit'?\",\n                    opts: [\"Zero\", \"Infinite\", \"1 MegaOhm\", \"It depends on the voltage\"],\n                    ans: 1,\n                    exp: \"An open circuit has a break in the path, preventing any current flow. Therefore, its resistance is theoretically infinite.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"24. What is the theoretical resistance of a 'short circuit'?\",\n                    opts: [\"Zero\", \"Infinite\", \"1 Ohm\", \"100 Ohms\"],\n                    ans: 0,\n                    exp: \"A short circuit provides a direct, unintended path for current to flow with theoretically zero resistance, which can draw dangerous amounts of current.\"\n                },\n                {\n                    q: \"25. A circuit has 10 Volts dropped across a 100 Ohm resistor. What is the minimum power rating the resistor must have to avoid overheating?\",\n                    opts: [\"0.25 Watt\", \"0.5 Watt\", \"1 Watt\", \"5 Watts\"],\n                    ans: 2,\n                    exp: \"Power = V\u00b2 \/ R. (10 * 10) \/ 100 = 100 \/ 100 = 1 Watt. In practice, a 2W or larger resistor should be chosen for safety, but 1W is the actual dissipation.\"\n                }\n            ];\n\n            let currentScore = 0;\n            const container = document.getElementById('quiz-questions-container');\n            const scoreDisplay = document.getElementById('score-display');\n\n            quizData.forEach((item, index) => {\n                const questionCard = document.createElement('div');\n                questionCard.className = 'quiz-question-card';\n\n                const questionText = document.createElement('div');\n                questionText.className = 'quiz-question-text';\n                questionText.textContent = item.q;\n                questionCard.appendChild(questionText);\n\n                const optionsList = document.createElement('ul');\n                optionsList.className = 'quiz-options';\n\n                const explanationDiv = document.createElement('div');\n                explanationDiv.className = 'quiz-explanation';\n                explanationDiv.textContent = item.exp;\n\n                item.opts.forEach((optText, optIndex) => {\n                    const li = document.createElement('li');\n                    const btn = document.createElement('button');\n                    btn.className = 'quiz-option-btn';\n                    btn.textContent = optText;\n\n                    btn.addEventListener('click', function() {\n                        const allBtns = optionsList.querySelectorAll('.quiz-option-btn');\n                        allBtns.forEach(b => b.disabled = true); \/\/ Lock in answer\n\n                        if (optIndex === item.ans) {\n                            btn.classList.add('correct');\n                            currentScore++;\n                            scoreDisplay.textContent = `Score: ${currentScore} \/ 25`;\n                        } else {\n                            btn.classList.add('incorrect');\n                            allBtns[item.ans].classList.add('correct'); \/\/ Show actual correct answer\n                        }\n                        \n                        explanationDiv.style.display = 'block'; \/\/ Reveal explanation\n                    });\n\n                    li.appendChild(btn);\n                    optionsList.appendChild(li);\n                });\n\n                questionCard.appendChild(optionsList);\n                questionCard.appendChild(explanationDiv);\n                container.appendChild(questionCard);\n            });\n        })();\n    <\/script>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ham Radio Exam: Resistors Score: 0 \/ 25<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amateur-radio-ham-radio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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