Category: General Cardiology

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is more likely in those with chronic kidney disease because of the deranged calcium and phosphorus metabolism

Cardiac complications of radiotherapy: accelerated atherosclerosis, constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, valvular and conduction abnormalities

The hallmark of rheumatic mitral stenosis is commissural fusion while there is no commissural fusion in radiation associated mitral stenosis.

Risk factors for the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm include hypertension, smoking, male gender, advancing age, obesity, positive family history and bicuspid aortic valve.

Clopidogrel is withdrawn 5 days prior to surgery while Prasugrel needs to be withdrawn 7 days prior to surgery.

Long systolic murmur with severe cyanosis in Tetralogy of Fallot can occur with absent pulmonary valve, restrictive VSD or AV canal defect (MR/TR murmur)

Venesection in cyanotic heart disease is done in symptomatic polycythemia with Hb > 20 gm% & hematocrit > 65 % and is replaced with equal amount of saline

Admixture lesions are cyanotic congenital heart diseases with near equal saturations in aorta and pulmonary artery.

TGA like physiology can be seen in D- TGA with VSD and no PS, DORV with VSD and no PS, tricuspid atresia with VSD and no PS etc.

Fallot like physiology – cyanotic heart disease with low pulmonary blood flow