Category: General Cardiology

Lower percentage of contractile elements, sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria make neonatal myocardium more prone for heart failure.

Taussig Bing anomaly is DORV with subpulmonic VSD and high pulmonary blood flow with pulmonary hypertension, with aorta to the right of pulmonary artery.

S4 is never heard in acute aortic regurgitation while it is heard in acute mitral regurgitation.

Radial artery palpable even after occluding the brachial artery by local pressure, often noted in elderly with thickened vessel wall is positive Osler sign.

Ankle brachial index is the ratio between blood pressures at the ankle and arm, an important measure in assessment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).

Phase IV Korotkoff sounds for diastolic blood pressure - in hyperdynamic circulatory states.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most important causes of dynamic LVOT obstruction (left ventricular outflow tract obstruction).

Ebstein's anomaly, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and MVP are structural heart diseases associated with WPW syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome).

Williams syndrome is characterised by supravalvar aortic stenosis, elfin facies and hypercalcemia.

Breath holding spell has a precipitating factor (does not occur abruptly) which causes the child to cry incessantly and this is followed by breath holding.