Category: General Cardiology

Calculation of shunt ratio is useful in deciding the operability of shunt lesions as well as their hemodynamic significance.

The physiological effects of arginine vasopressin are mediated through three receptor subtypes: V1A, V1B and V2.

Plasma levels of placental growth factor have been shown to be increased in ischemic cardiomyopathy, in proportion to the severity of heart failure.

Some studies have suggested that high levels of BNP in CKD indicate both reduced clearance of BNP by the kidneys as well as a compromised cardiac function.

Cumulative stress due to repeated stressful events over time without de-stressing or healing can erode coping mechanisms and cause break down.

Professionals with type A personality have a higher risk for cardiac events.

The natriuretic peptides are the A type, B type, C type and the D type.

Midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) is a stable fragment of prohormone of atrial natriuretic peptide.

Rescue breaths are not as important as chest compressions in the initial few minutes of cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation.

Ischemic cascade is the temporal sequence of changes due to myocardial ischemia. Ischemic episodes are initiated by a supply - demand mismatch in myocardial oxygen delivery.