What cardiac lesion can be associated with external ophthalmoplegia? External ophthalmoplegia and ptosis may be associated with complete heart block. External ophthalmoplegia and ptosis as part of Kearns-Sayre syndrome
What is ascites precox? The early occurrence of ascites in chronic constrictive pericarditis even before the appearance of generalised edema has been called ‘ascites precox’. Though ascites can
What is the usual difference between jugular venous pressure and right atrial pressure and why? Usually right atrial pressure is more than jugular venous pressure by 5 cm
What is the cause of central cyanosis in Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome? Central cyanosis in Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome is due to pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Those with Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome or hereditary hemorrhagic
What causes a prominent a wave in jugular venous pulse? Prominent a wave occurs when the right atrial contraction is more forceful due to increased resistance to right
When does the y descent in jugular venous pulse occur? y descent in jugular venous pulse occurs with decline of right atrial pressure when the tricuspid valve opens.
What happens to the amplitude of jugular venous pulsations in inspiration? Jugular venous pressure normally declines during inspiration, but the amplitude of the pulsations increases. An inspiratory increase in
In which situations are stress echocardiography useful? Stress echocardiography is useful when exercise stress test is not feasible due to mobility issues. Stress echocardiography is usually done with
What is the maximum speed at which BP cuff can be deflated while measuring blood pressure? Maximum speed at which BP cuff can be deflated while measuring blood
What is the mechanism of decubitus angina? Increase in venous return and consequent increase in preload on assuming the supine position is the reason for decubitus angina. Most
