Advantage of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) in for hypertension with left ventricular dysfunction:
a) Reduced myocardial fibrosis
b) Prevention of ventricular remodeling
c) Reduction in arrhythmia
d) All of the above
Perioperative use of beta blockers in CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) is a:
a) Class I recommendation
b) Class IIa recommendation
c) Class IIb recommendation
d) Class III recommendation
Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) would favour a diagnosis of:
a) Danon disease
b) Anderson-Fabry disease
c) Noonan syndrome
d) Pompe disease
Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction can occur in:
a) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
b) Calcification of posterior mitral annulus
c) Hypovolemia
d) All of the above
Coved ST segment elevation in lateral leads in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is suggestive of:
a) Lateral wall myocardial infarction
b) Apical aneurysm
c) Coronary vasospasm
d) None of the above
North West (extreme superior) QRS axis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is most likely due to:
a) Fabry disease
b) Noonan syndrome
c) Danon disease
d) None of the above
Non-HDL cholesterol is defined as the difference between total cholesterol level and HDL cholesterol level. Non-HDL cholesterol includes several lipoproteins.
Diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in a first degree relative by European Society of Cardiology 2014 guideline needs left ventricular wall thickness of:
a) 15 millimeters or more
b) 14
