All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

Cardiac complications of radiotherapy: accelerated atherosclerosis, constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, valvular and conduction abnormalities

The hallmark of rheumatic mitral stenosis is commissural fusion while there is no commissural fusion in radiation associated mitral stenosis.

Limited antegrade subintimal tracking (LAST) is technique used for crossing chronic total occlusions (CTO) with a guide wire prior to balloon angioplasty

J-CTO score for prediction of wire crossing in CTO (chronic total occlusion) of native coronary arteries in 30 minutes from multi centre CTO registy of Japan

Polygon of confluence in IVUS is confluence of left main coronary artery (LMCA), left circumflex (LCX) and left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery

Proximal optimisation technique (POT) is post dilatation of the proximal portion of the stent in the main vessel, done after kissing balloon dilatation in bifurcation lesions.

Multiple mitral regurgitation jets can be quantified by various methods like quantitative Doppler method, quantitative two dimensional method and PISA method applied to each jet separately.

Risk factors for the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm include hypertension, smoking, male gender, advancing age, obesity, positive family history and bicuspid aortic valve.

X-ray Quiz

Clopidogrel is withdrawn 5 days prior to surgery while Prasugrel needs to be withdrawn 7 days prior to surgery.