All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most important causes of dynamic LVOT obstruction (left ventricular outflow tract obstruction).

Ebstein's anomaly, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and MVP are structural heart diseases associated with WPW syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome).

Williams syndrome is characterised by supravalvar aortic stenosis, elfin facies and hypercalcemia.

Breath holding spell has a precipitating factor (does not occur abruptly) which causes the child to cry incessantly and this is followed by breath holding.

Classic Blalock Taussig shunt (BT shunt) is done on opposite side of aortic arch so that brachiocephalic trunk prevents kinking of the subclavian artery.

Ventricular remodeling consists of two processes following a myocardial infarction - infarct expansion and dilatation of LV cavity.

Dilated pulmonary arteries in TOF with absent pulmonary valve are intramediastinal only. Hence RPA and LPA dilatation may not be seen on chest X-ray.

The classical chest x-ray finding in TAPVC (total anomalous pulmonary venous connection) is “snow man in snow storm appearance”

Compression of vertical vein in TAPVC as it passes between the pulmonary artery with high pressure and the left bronchus is known as hemodynamic vise.

Mechanism of phasic ejection click in valvar pulmonary stenosis is due to late diastolic pre opening of pulmonary valve in inspiration.