All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

Bone marrow stem cells can proliferate and differentiate into various types of cells. Bone marrow stem cells are a renewable source and easily accessible.

Trancatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a fast developing modality for management of AS, especially those unfit for surgical replacement.

Percutaneous mitral valve repair using MitraClip device is done to to reduce the severity of mitral regurgitation.

Classification of VSD: perimembranous, muscular, inlet or AV canal type and supracristal.

ECG findings in VSD: normal in small VSD, left axis deviation in inlet VSD and swiss cheese VSD, left atrial overload with large shunts.

Genes implicated in dilated cardiomyopathy

Dual Doppler echocardiography is the technique of simultaneously recording Doppler signals of two types, used for recording E wave and e’ simultaneously.

Overall combined data favours medium dose therapy with sildenafil for pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Successful catheter ablation of AF produces improvement in renal function over one year follow up in those with mild to moderate kidney dysfunction.

Cutting balloon angioplasty for peripheral pulmonary stenosis if low pressure angioplasty fails, was more effective than high pressure balloon angioplasty.