All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

MR angio of anterior and posterior tibial arteries

A retrospective analysis showed that renin-angiotensin blockade may in fact be useful in aortic stenosis.

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has the advantage that it is less operator dependent than echocardiography regarding the acquisition of images.

Evaluation of a patient with grown up congenital heart disease (GUCH) is similar to any other patient and begins with a good history to assess symptoms.

Eisenmenger syndrome can be considered as the final common pathway for all significant left to shunts in which there is unrestricted pulmonary blood flow.

In Ebstein anomaly a portion of the right ventricle is atrialised due to distal displacement of the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve.

Arrhythmias are an important sequelae of post Fontan scenario. Most patients develop sick sinus syndrome. Heart failure is another important sequelae.

In transposition of great arteries (TGA), pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle and aorta arises from the right ventricle.

Cardinal features of tetralogy of Fallot are malalignment VSD with an overriding aorta, infundibular pulmonary stenosis and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Surgical procedures in complex CHD is more often a palliation rather than cure, unlike in simple CHDs like ASD, VSD and PDA.