Category: Cardiac Surgery

Bioprosthetic valve degeneration Bioprosthetic valve degeneration causes prosthetic valve failure like prosthetic valve thrombosis and pannus formation. Host related factors which predispose to bioprosthetic valve degeneration are: Younger

Etiological types of prosthetic valve dysfunction Different etiological types of prosthetic valve dysfunction are: Prosthetic valve thrombosis Pannus formation – growth of fibrotic tissue from the annulus region

Bilateral internal mammary artery grafting: Advantage of bilateral internal mammary artery grafting (BIMA grafting) for coronary artery bypass grafting over using a single arterial conduit (left internal mammary

In off pump CABG, heart is fixed using suction devices and it continues to beat while bypass grafting is done. In on pump CABG, the heart lung machine

CABG risk factors for adverse outcome: advanced age, female gender, previous cardiovascular events, left ventricular function, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multiple arterial grafts give better long term results A Canadian study [1] published in JAMA Cardiology has shown lower long term mortality, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction and heart failure in

LV aneurysm seen on left ventriculogram and near total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), which is poorly collateralized.

Ross procedure in adults Ross procedure (pulmonary autograft for aortic position) was used for aortic valve disease initially in children and later in adults. The pulmonary valve along

“Stent Creep” seen in Hancock bioprosthesis is due to inward bending of the stent struts.

Robotic repair of mitral valve is a promising minimally invasive surgical approach for both simple and complex mitral valve regurgitation, with excellent results.