Category: Cardiac Surgery

“Stent Creep” seen in Hancock bioprosthesis is due to inward bending of the stent struts.

Robotic repair of mitral valve is a promising minimally invasive surgical approach for both simple and complex mitral valve regurgitation, with excellent results.

Stentless bioprosthetic valve produces better exercise hemodynamics and greater regression of left ventricular hypertrophy when used in the aortic position.

Cone procedure for Ebstein's anomaly: detachment of leaflets, division of chordae, plication of annulus, rotation of leaflets and re-insertion of leaflets in neoannulus

Multiple muscular VSDs are also called swiss cheese VSD. Swiss cheese VSDs are difficult to close surgically.

Causes of RVOT dysfunction after surgery Causes of progressive RVOT dysfunction (right ventricular outflow tract) after repair surgeries for congenital heart disease: Pulmonary regurgitation Stenosis at the conduit

Indications for surgery in prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE): persistent bacteremia, heart failure, early PVE, fungal endocarditis, paravalvar leak, annular or aortic abscess, true or false aneurysm, fistula formation,

Prosthetic valve associated hemolysis is more with paravalvular leak, endocarditis and structural failure in bioprosthetic valve.

Intramural Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) Intramural VSD is a type of residual VSD seen after repair of complex defects like double outlet right ventricle, truncus arteriosus or Rastelli

Aortocoronary bypass Aortocoronary bypass (ACB) is same as coronary bypass except that connection of an internal mammary artery to a coronary artery cannot be technically considered as an