Tachypnoea, Hyperpnoea, Hyperventilation Tachypnoea: Tachypnoea is an increase in the rate of respiration. Hyperpnoea: Hyperpnoea is an increase in depth and rate of respiration. Hyperventilation: Hyperventilation is an
Mechanism of wide fixed split in atrial septal defect The pulmonary component of second heart sound does not move with respiration in atrial septal defect because the right ventricular
Mechanism of loud first heart sound in mitral stenosis In severe mitral stenosis, due to elevated left atrial pressure, the closure of the mitral valve is delayed and
What is the phenomenon of pressure recovery in aortic stenosis? Phenomenon of pressure recovery in aortic stenosis: Systolic pressure in the aorta will be lower immediately distal to
Ventriculo-arterial pressure gradient It is usually the peak to peak gradient which is measured from pressure tracing during cardiac catheterisation, while Doppler echocardiography measures the peak instantaneous gradient.
Aortic pressure tracing vs femoral arterial pressure tracing Aortic pressure tracing vs femoral arterial pressure tracing: Upstroke and downstroke are sharper in a peripheral arterial pressure tracing compared
Post Streptococcal Reactive Arthritis Post streptococcal reactive arthritis has a lower latency of about 1 week after the streptococcal infection, unlike the usual delay of about three weeks
Major manifestations of rheumatic fever Major manifestations of rheumatic fever: Polyarthritis – usually migratory, fleeting and flitting type of arthritis; fleeting means transient; flitting means jumping from one joint
Post pacing T wave inversion has been called Chatterjee phenomenon and it has been attributed to cardiac memory after an abnormal depolarization sequence.
Tricuspid regurgitation jet in complete heart block and junctional rhythm Tricuspid regurgitation jet can show a notch during atrial systole when the P waves occur during systole. This
