Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established mode of therapy for severe heart failure and produces reverse remodeling of the left ventricle.
Defibrillation electrodes should be placed on bare chest with electrode marked as sternum in R infraclavicular region and electrode marked as apex in inferolateral L chest.
Biphasic and monophasic waveforms have been used for defibrillation. Older defibrillators deliver monophasic waveforms while newer ones deliver biphasic waveform.
Automatic external defibrillator (AED) can analyse cardiac rhythm and deliver a shock if the rhythm is ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia.
Chain of survival is a four link chain used to illustrate the importance of timely actions for the survival of victims of sudden cardiac arrest due to VF.