Echocardiographic Evaluation of Mitral Stenosis

Mitral stenosis was the commonest isolated valvular heart disease when we started our medical training. Now calcific aortic stenosis of degenerative etiology is the commonest valvular heart disease globally as the global population is aging. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease have decreased in prevalence globally. Mitral annular calcification as an etiology for mitral stenosis might increase in the coming years, with an aging population. It is more difficult to manage than rheumatic mitral stenosis.