Inappropriate ICD shocks Inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks are one of the commonest adverse effects of ICDs, which can occur in up to about 25% of those implanted with
When not to implant an ICD? There are certain situations when the implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator may not be ideal. Some of the following situations may
Downside of right ventricular apical pacing Right ventricular apical pacing, the usual method of pacing the right ventricle in single chamber and dual chamber pacing, can be deleterious
Can heparin be prothrombotic? Unfractionated heparin can theoretically make platelets more reactive to activation by other platelet function agonists such as adenosine diphosphate. Heparin can bind to Glycoprotein
High risk patient characteristics for potential stent thrombosis High risk patient characteristics for potential stent thrombosis while interrupting antiplatelet agents for surgery are: Recent acute coronary syndrome History
High risk patients for coronary stent thrombosis High risk patients for coronary stent thrombosis with respect to the stented region would be: Long stented segments Multiple stents Overlapping
Risk for stent thrombosis after early surgery Risk of cardiac death, myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis is increased 27 – fold in the week following non-cardiac surgery, compared
Factors contributing to the post surgical prothrombotic state, predisposing to coronary stent thrombosis: There is an increased release of cytokines and neuroendocrine inflammatory mediator release. Platelet adhesiveness is
Stent thrombosis in the setting of surgery Stent thrombosis is a serious complication, which is more likely with drug eluting stents (DES) than bare metal stents (BMS). This
Drugs with reversible anti platelet action While the antiplatelet actions of clopidogrel and prasugrel are irreversible, that of the following drugs are reversible: Dipyridamole Cilostazol NSAIDS (non steroidal