All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders

Triple ligation for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a closed heart surgery which used to be done for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus.

Closed mitral valvotomy (CMV) was the closed heart procedure being done to open up a narrowed mitral valve (mitral stenosis) in the yester years.

Scar of open heart surgery takes about six months to become stable. It can enlarge in size in certain prone individuals up to about six months.

Supra ventricular ectopics are premature beats originating above the ventricles.

Monomorphic ventricular ectopics are premature ventricular beats having the same morphology or shape.

Bruce protocol for treadmill exercise test has seven stages, each lasting three minutes.

TMT test is short form for treadmill exercise test. TMT is done on a motorized treadmill which is controlled by a computer console.

ECG cannot detect all heart problems. ECG is a record of electrical activity of heart and detects only heart problems which alter its electrical activity.

Hypokinesia means decreased motion. The term is applied to the movement of regions of the heart.

WPW syndrome is characterized on the ECG by a short PR interval, wide QRS complex and a delta wave at the beginning of the QRS complex.