What is the usual difference between jugular venous pressure and right atrial pressure and why?

What is the usual difference between jugular venous pressure and right atrial pressure and why?

Usually right atrial pressure is more than jugular venous pressure by 5 cm of water. Jugular venous pressure is measured as so many cm above the sternal angle which is the reference point for JVP. Centre of right atrium is usually 5 cm below the sternal angle. Hence if the JVP is 5 cm, right atrial pressure will be 10 cm. Reference point for measurement of central venous pressure using manometer or transducer is the mid thoracic level. Hence measured CVP is usually equal to the right atrial pressure.