Author: Johnson Francis

Proximal protection devices can be used in internal carotid artery stenting to protect the cerebral circulation.

Diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: role of echo, cath, Holter, MRI and radionuclide study discussed in brief.

Major bleeding in acute coronary syndrome: Most of the bleeds occur within 30 days of the onset of ACS, but the risk continues.

Heart rate as a risk factor in cardiovascular disease: Lower heart rates have been associated with better survival, as in athletes.

Beta blockers in heart failure: More benefit has been shown in heart failure with non selective beta blockers than with selective beta one blockers.

Imaging the atrium in pulmonary vein isolation is needed because of the variability in pulmonary venous architecture, to prevent complications.

Echocardiography is useful as a screening tool for early diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension.

Syncope is a transient loss of consciousness due to transient global cerebral hypoperfusion with rapid onset, short duration and complete recovery.

Lowering blood pressure in elderly population: aim should be to bring down the blood pressure as much as tolerated by the elderly.

Metabolic consequences of anti hypertensives: effects on electrolytes, lipid levels, uric acid and glycemic status.