Category: General Cardiology

CCHD with low pulmonary blood flow and cardiomegaly What are the situations of CCHD and low pulmonary blood flow with cardiomegaly on chest X-ray? Tetralogy of Fallot with

Causes of prominent a waves in JVP What are the causes of prominent a waves in JVP? A prominent a wave in jugular venous pulse indicates a resistance

Mechanisms of Austin Flint murmur in aortic regurgitation: fluttering of AML, relative narrowing of mitral orifice, elevated LVEDP, diastolic MR.

When the mitral diastolic murmur is not audible despite the presence of severe mitral stenosis, it is called silent mitral stenosis.

Mechanisms of improvement of heart failure in VSD Mechanisms of improvement of heart failure in VSD: If a child with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and heart failure improves,

Hypertension in Polycythemia Rubra Vera Multiple mechanisms have been proposed as the cause of systemic hypertension in polycythemia rubra vera: Increased number of circulating erythrocytes increase the blood

Coconut atrium Coconut atrium is the term coined for complete calcification of the left atrium in chronic rheumatic valvular heart disease [1]. The stimulus for calcification could be

Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) Tricuspid regurgitation can be either low pressure TR or high pressure TR depending on the right ventricular systolic pressure. High pressure TR occurs when the

Truncus arteriosus is a CCHD in which one single great vessel with a single semilunar valve gives rise to the aorta, PA and the coronary arteries.

Cyanotic spells are episodes of worsening of cyanosis (also called hypercyanotic spells, Tet spell for short) in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease with low pulmonary blood flow