Category: General Cardiology

Controversies in assessing and managing CVD risk in patients with diabetes

non HDL cholesterol is the marker of better choice at present as it has established cut off points with safe and achievable goals.

Platypnea-orthodeoxia is characterized by dyspnoea and systemic oxygen desaturation on assuming the sitting or standing position.

Components of mitral valve apparatus: mitral annulus, mitral leaflets, chordae tendinae, papillary muscles and adjoining portions of the LV and LA.

Universal definition of myocardial infarction has been under the joint auspices of the ESC, ACCF, AHA and World Heart Federation.

Cardiorenal syndrome has been classified into types I, II, III, IV and V.

Anthracyclines like adriamycin are good chemotherapeutic agents which improve the long term survival, especially in breast cancer. But a small number of them develop cardiotoxicity. The chance for

Causes of persistent shunts after a Fontan: patch dehiscence, suture dehiscence, new venous collaterals, distal AP collaterals, pulmonary AV fistulae.

Heart type fatty acid binding protein seems to be a marker for myocardial ischemia, even without necrosis.

Tricuspid stenosis (narrowing of the tricuspid valve) is much rarer, compared to mitral stenosis.