Myocardial infarction – universal definition Though ECG is the first test for a person with suspected myocardial infarction, the stress has shifted to cardiac markers with publication of
Acute and chronic coronary syndromes Chronic stable angina (Chronic coronary syndrome) Chronic stable angina is stable situation with symptoms lasting more than one month. It manifests as chest
Coronary artery disease – overview and risk factors Coronary artery disease (CAD) is known by various names like ischemic heart disease and atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. In general,
Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) on CXR Cardiac pacemakers where the earliest cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) to be used ever since the first implant in 1958. Single
Prosthetic heart valves on CXR Approximate positions of the valves as seen on the CXR are marked in the picture below. A line connecting the pulmonary bay to
Cardiac chambers and pericardium on CXR Right atrium: Right atrium forms the right heart border, usually seen just outside the right side of spine. Right atrial enlargement is
Aortic and pulmonary vascular abnormalities on CXR Aortic abnormalities on CXR Right aortic arch: Side of aortic arch is recognized by the indentation of tracheal air shadow. Normally
Chest X-ray – overview Chest X-ray (CXR) PA view (Figure 7.1) is the one routinely taken for cardiac evaluation. Lateral view and oblique views are rarely taken in
ECG in coronary artery disease ECG changes in coronary artery disease (CAD) can be in any of the waves or segments. Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the
Electrical axis in ECG Electrical axis can be calculated for the P wave, QRS complex, T wave and even the ST segment. But when we mention axis deviation,